The human microbiota is the population of microorganisms – bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa – that live on and in the body. Specifically, gut microbiota refers to the microbial ecosystem in the intestinal tract that performs metabolic, immunological and protective functions that are essential for the wellbeing of the entire organism, and whose balance defined as “eubiosis” is fundamental for maintaining and recovering wellbeing. Eubiosis is also defined as the balance of the vaginal microbiota. Throughout a woman’s life, and especially during the menopause, there are many internal and external factors that influence the vaginal microbiota, modifying its composition and favouring pathological conditions that can become chronic or recurrent, greatly impacting quality of life. Knowing the state of “eubiosis” of the intestinal and vaginal microbiota is an important element for maintaining our wellbeing and, when necessary, helping our doctor and pharmacist to identify an increasingly precise and personalised treatment pathway.